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 Esophagoscopy considered when medication is ineffective or the object cannot safely pass through the GI system.

peritonitis, appendicitis  Bleeding  Cholecystitis  Cirrhosis  Diverticulitis  Esophageal varices  Esophagitis  Foreign bodies  Gastritis  Gastroenteritis  Hepatitis  Hernia  Inflammatory Bowel Disease  Intussusception  Obstructions  Pancreatitis  Trauma  Ulcers  Esophageal problems  Esophageal obstruction  Consider potential for airway obstruction  Glucagon or nitroglycerin (smooth muscle relaxants) given if object can safely be passed through the GI system. Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN) Exam Review Jeff Solheim 1 | P a g e GASTROINTESTINAL EMERGENCIES Objectives: At the completion of this section, the learner will be able to:  Prioritize treatments for patients with esophageal emergencies  Recognize signs of gastritis  Verbalize discharge instructions for patients with hepatitis  Differentiate between symptoms of small bowel obstructions and large bowel obstructions  Identify the abdominal organ most frequently injured in traumatic situations The CEN exam contains ten questions on gastrointestinal emergencies which invol ve the following topics:  Acute Abdomen (e.g.